《植物生理学报》 2022, 58(3): 577-586

γ-氨基丁酸对越橘试管苗生长及相关生理代谢的影响

白明月，吕爽爽，夏秀英^*

大连理工大学生物工程学院, 辽宁大连116024

通信作者：夏秀英；E-mail: xx47@dlut.edu.cn

摘　要：

以‘天后’、‘如贝尔’、‘北青’、‘南大’和‘奥尼尔’ 5个越橘品种的试管苗为实验材料, 探究外源γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)对试管苗生长和增殖的影响; 以‘奥尼尔’品种为材料, 研究GABA对试管苗生理代谢的影响。结果表明, 继代培养基中添加0.5 g·L−1 GABA可显著提高多品种试管苗的株高及增殖倍数, 促进试管苗的生长分化。GABA显著降低了‘奥尼尔’试管苗的超氧阴离子(O2 ¯· )产生速率、H2O2含量、MDA含量及相对电导率, 显著提高了试管苗组织含水量及可溶性糖、脯氨酸、抗氧化物质含量并增强抗氧化酶活性, 同时显著提高了试管苗吲哚乙酸(IAA)及异戊烯基腺嘌呤(iPA)含量, 降低了脱落酸(ABA)、赤霉素(GA3)及茉莉酸甲酯(JA-me)含量。表明, GABA一方面可通过提高试管苗渗透调节物质含量及抗氧化能力, 维持渗透平衡及氧化平衡, 提高试管苗对组织培养极端环境的适应能力; 另一方面可通过提高试管苗内源生长素及细胞分裂素含量, 调控细胞生长分裂, 进而促进试管苗生长发育。

关键词：越橘; γ-氨基丁酸(GABA); 试管苗; 抗氧化能力; 激素

收稿：2021-08-10   修定：2021-10-28

Effects of γ-aminobutyric acid on the growth and related physiological characteristics of Vaccinium plantlets in vitro

BAI Mingyue, LÜ Shuangshuang, XIA Xiuying^*

School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China

Corresponding author: XIA Xiuying; E-mail: xx47@dlut.edu.cn

Abstract:

Five Vaccinium varieties including ‘Primadonna’, ‘Rubel’, ‘Northblue’, ‘Nanda’ and ‘O’Neal’ were used as experimental materials to investigate the effect of exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on the growth and proliferation of plantlets in vitro. ‘O’Neal’ variety was used as the material to investigate the effect

of GABA on the physiological characteristics of Vaccinium plantlets in vitro. The results showed that adding 0.5 g·L−1 GABA in the medium could significantly increase the height and proliferation ratio of plantlets of multiple varieties, and promote the growth and differentiation of the plantlet in vitro. GABA significantly decreased the superoxide anion (O2 ¯· ) production rate, H2O2 content, MDA content, and relative electrical conductivity of 'O 'Neill' plantlet, significantly increased the contents of tissue water, soluble sugar, proline, and antioxidant substances, and enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes. GABA significantly increased the level of indole acetic acid (IAA) and isopentenyl adenine (iPA) and reduced the level of abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA3), and methyl jasmonate (JA-me) in plantlets in vitro. In conclusion, GABA can maintain osmotic and oxidative homeostasis by increasing the content of osmoregulatory substances and antioxidant capacity of plantlets, thereby improving the adaptability of in vitro plantlets to the extreme environment of tissue culture; In addition, GABA can improve the content of endogenous auxin and cytokinin in plantlets, regulate the growth and division of cells, and then promote the growth and development of in vitro plantlets.

Key words: Vaccinium; γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA); plantlets in vitro; antioxidant capacity; phytohormones